<p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">3000年水平最高的40首詩詞,盡顯中國詩詞巔峰之美?。ㄖ档檬詹兀?lt;/span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">詩聯(lián)雙修院校 !</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">?3000多年前,我國誕生了第一本詩歌總集——《詩經(jīng)》。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">從此,詩歌進(jìn)入了中國人的生活。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">那一首首詩歌里,藏著先民的喜怒哀樂,直到如今,依然令人動容。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">今天,詩詞君選出我國文學(xué)史上評價最高的40首詩詞,它們有著最雋永的文字,最唯美的意象,最驚世的才華,最濃郁的情感……</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">詩中至詩,詞中至詞,不負(fù)千年詠贊。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 01 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《靜夜思》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·李白</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">床前明月光,疑是地上霜。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">舉頭望明月,低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 朗朗上口的語言,樸素真誠的情感,全融入在20個字里。一首《靜夜思》成為中國人想家的最好表達(dá)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 02 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《沁園春·雪》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">毛澤東</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">北國風(fēng)光,千里冰封,萬里雪飄。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">望長城內(nèi)外,惟余莽莽;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">大河上下,頓失滔滔。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">山舞銀蛇,原馳蠟象,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">欲與天公試比高。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">須晴日,看紅裝素裹,分外妖嬈。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江山如此多嬌,引無數(shù)英雄競折腰。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">惜秦皇漢武,略輸文采;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐宗宋祖,稍遜風(fēng)騷。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">一代天驕,成吉思汗,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">只識彎弓射大雕。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">俱往矣,數(shù)風(fēng)流人物,還看今朝。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">?每次讀來都仿佛回到了那個戰(zhàn)火紛飛的年代,又看到了那個指點江山的偉人,不由地沉醉于那種豪放的風(fēng)格、磅礴的氣勢、深遠(yuǎn)的意境、廣闊的胸懷。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 03 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《虞美人》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">南唐·李煜</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">春花秋月何時了?往事知多少。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">小樓昨夜又東風(fēng),</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">故國不堪回首月明中。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">雕欄玉砌應(yīng)猶在,只是朱顏改。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">問君能有幾多愁?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">恰似一江春水向東流。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 法國作家繆塞說:“最美的詩歌是最絕望的詩歌,有些不朽的篇章是純粹的眼淚?!边@首《虞美人》就是這樣的作品。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 04 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《天凈沙·秋思》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">元·馬致遠(yuǎn)</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">枯藤老樹昏鴉,小橋流水人家,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">古道西風(fēng)瘦馬。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">夕陽西下,斷腸人在天涯。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全曲僅五句二十八字,語言極為凝練卻容量巨大,意蘊(yùn)深遠(yuǎn),結(jié)構(gòu)精巧,頓挫有致,被后人譽(yù)為“秋思之祖”。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 05 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《念奴嬌·赤壁懷古》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·蘇軾</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">大江東去,浪淘盡,千古風(fēng)流人物。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">故壘西邊,人道是,三國周郎赤壁。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">亂石穿空,驚濤拍岸,卷起千堆雪。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江山如畫,一時多少豪杰。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">遙想公瑾當(dāng)年,小喬初嫁了,雄姿英發(fā)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">羽扇綸巾,談笑間,檣櫓灰飛煙滅。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">故國神游,多情應(yīng)笑我,早生華發(fā)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">人生如夢,一尊還酹江月。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">?這首詞氣象磅礴,格調(diào)雄渾,高唱入云,其境界之宏大,是前所未有的。英俊將軍與妙齡美人相映生輝,塑造了一個英氣勃發(fā)的人物形象,透露了作者有志報國、壯懷難酬的感慨。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 06 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《水調(diào)歌頭》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·蘇軾</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">明月幾時有,把酒問青天。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">不知天上宮闕,今夕是何年。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">我欲乘風(fēng)歸去,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">又恐瓊樓玉宇,高處不勝寒。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">起舞弄清影,何似在人間。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">轉(zhuǎn)朱閣,低綺戶,照無眠。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">不應(yīng)有恨,何事長向別時圓?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">人有悲歡離合,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">月有陰晴圓缺,此事古難全。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">但愿人長久,千里共嬋娟。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 胡仔《漁隱叢話后集》卷三十九:中秋詞,自東坡《水調(diào)歌頭》一出,余詞俱廢。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 07 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《永遇樂·京口北固亭懷古》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·辛棄疾</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">千古江山,英雄無覓,孫仲謀處。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">舞榭歌臺,風(fēng)流總被,雨打風(fēng)吹去。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">斜陽草樹,尋常巷陌,人道寄奴曾住。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">想當(dāng)年,金戈鐵馬,氣吞萬里如虎。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">元嘉草草,封狼居胥,贏得倉皇北顧。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">四十三年,望中猶記,烽火揚(yáng)州路。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">可堪回首,佛貍祠下,一片神鴉社鼓。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">憑誰問,廉頗老矣,尚能飯否?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 同屬豪放派,與蘇軾相比,辛棄疾少了一份曠達(dá)、一份雄邁、多了幾許悲涼、幾許蒼勁。全詞基調(diào)雖是豪放,卻流淌著一股濃郁的悲涼、惆悵之情。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 08 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《飲酒》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">東晉·陶淵明</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">結(jié)廬在人境,而無車馬喧。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">問君何能爾?心遠(yuǎn)地自偏。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">采菊東籬下,悠然見南山。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">山氣日夕佳,飛鳥相與還。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">此中有真意,欲辨已忘言。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 大隱隱于市,真正寧靜的心境,不是自然造就的,而是自己心境的外化。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 09 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《登高》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·杜甫</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">風(fēng)急天高猿嘯哀,渚清沙白鳥飛回。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">無邊落木蕭蕭下,不盡長江滾滾來。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">萬里悲秋常作客,百年多病獨登臺。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">艱難苦恨繁霜鬢,潦倒新停濁酒杯。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 蕭瑟的秋江景色,引發(fā)了杜甫身世飄零的感慨,滲入了他老病孤愁的悲哀。全詩八句,句句皆對,杜甫對文字的運(yùn)用達(dá)到登峰造極的地步。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 10 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《臨江仙》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">明·楊慎</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">滾滾長江東逝水,浪花淘盡英雄。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">是非成敗轉(zhuǎn)頭空。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">青山依舊在,幾度夕陽紅。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">白發(fā)漁樵江渚上,慣看秋月春風(fēng)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">一壺濁酒喜相逢。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">古今多少事,都付笑談中。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 開篇從大處落筆,切入歷史的宏流,四、五句在景語中富哲理、意境深邃,這首詞用來概括《三國演義》的主題恰到好處。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 11 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《江南春》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·杜牧</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">千里鶯啼綠映紅,水村山郭酒旗風(fēng)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">南朝四百八十寺,多少樓臺煙雨中。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詩以輕快的文字,極具概括性的語言描繪了一幅生動形象、豐富多彩而又有氣魄的江南春畫卷,呈現(xiàn)出一種深邃幽美的意境,表達(dá)出一縷縷含蓄深蘊(yùn)的情思,千百年來素負(fù)盛譽(yù)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 12 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《菩薩蠻·書江西造口壁》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·辛棄疾</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">郁孤臺下清江水,中間多少行人淚?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">西北望長安,可憐無數(shù)山。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">青山遮不住,畢竟東流去。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江晚正愁余,山深聞鷓鴣。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詞一片神行又潛氣內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn),兼有神理高絕與沉郁頓挫之美,在詞史上完全可與李太白同調(diào)詞相媲美。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 13 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《黃鶴樓》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·崔顥</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">昔人已乘黃鶴去,此地空余黃鶴樓。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">黃鶴一去不復(fù)返,白云千載空悠悠。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">晴川歷歷漢陽樹,芳草萋萋鸚鵡洲。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">日暮鄉(xiāng)關(guān)何處是?煙波江上使人愁。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 這首《黃鶴樓》讓武漢黃鶴樓名揚(yáng)天下,南宋·嚴(yán)羽《滄浪詩話》:唐人七言律詩,當(dāng)以崔顥《黃鶴樓》為第一。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 14 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《關(guān)雎》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩,在河之洲。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">窈窕淑女,君子好逑。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">參差荇菜,左右流之。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">窈窕淑女,寤寐求之。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">求之不得,寤寐思服。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">悠哉悠哉,輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">參差荇菜,左右采之。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">窈窕淑女,琴瑟友之。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">參差荇菜,左右芼之。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">窈窕淑女,鐘鼓樂之。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 在《關(guān)雎》中,男女的感情那么純真而美好。孔子說:《關(guān)雎》樂而不淫,哀而不傷。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 15 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《聲聲慢》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·李清照</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">尋尋覓覓,冷冷清清,凄凄慘慘戚戚。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">乍暖還寒時候,最難將息。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">三杯兩盞淡酒,怎敵他、晚來風(fēng)急?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">雁過也,正傷心,卻是舊時相識。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">滿地黃花堆積。憔悴損,如今有誰堪摘?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">守著窗兒,獨自怎生得黑?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">梧桐更兼細(xì)雨,到黃昏、點點滴滴。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">這次第,怎一個愁字了得!</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 起句一連用七組疊詞,極富音樂美,一種莫名其妙的愁緒在心頭和空氣中彌漫開來,久久不散。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 16 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《出塞》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·王昌齡</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">秦時明月漢時關(guān),萬里長征人未還。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">但使龍城飛將在,不教胡馬度陰山。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 詩人以雄勁的筆觸,對當(dāng)時的邊塞戰(zhàn)爭生活作了高度的藝術(shù)概括,把寫景、敘事、抒情與議論緊密結(jié)合,在詩里熔鑄了豐富復(fù)雜的思想感情,使詩的意境雄渾深遠(yuǎn),既激動人心,又耐人尋味。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 17 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《行路難三首·其一》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·李白</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">金樽清酒斗十千,玉盤珍羞直萬錢。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">停杯投箸不能食,拔劍四顧心茫然。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">欲渡黃河冰塞川,將登太行雪滿山。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">閑來垂釣碧溪上,忽復(fù)乘舟夢日邊。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">行路難!行路難!多歧路,今安在?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">長風(fēng)破浪會有時,直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 詩中跌宕起伏的感情,跳躍式的用句,以及高昂的氣勢,使它成為后人稱頌的千古名篇。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 18 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《錦瑟》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·李商隱</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">錦瑟無端五十弦,一弦一柱思華年。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">莊生曉夢迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鵑。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">滄海月明珠有淚,藍(lán)田日暖玉生煙。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">此情可待成追憶?只是當(dāng)時已惘然。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 詩人以片段意象的組合,創(chuàng)造朦朧的境界,從而借助可視可感的詩歌形象來傳達(dá)其真摯濃烈而又幽約深曲的深思。全詩詞藻華美,含蓄深沉,情真意長,感人至深。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 19 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜記夢》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·蘇軾</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">十年生死兩茫茫,不思量,自難忘。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">千里孤墳,無處話凄涼。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">縱使相逢應(yīng)不識,塵滿面,鬢如霜。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">夜來幽夢忽還鄉(xiāng),小軒窗,正梳妝。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">相顧無言,惟有淚千行。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">料得年年腸斷處,明月夜,短松岡。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 詞中采用白描手法,出語如話家常,卻字字從肺腑鏤出,自然而又深刻,平淡中寄寓著真淳。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 20 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《蜀相》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·杜甫</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">丞相祠堂何處尋,錦官城外柏森森。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">映階碧草自春色,隔葉黃鸝空好音。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">三顧頻煩天下計,兩朝開濟(jì)老臣心。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">出師未捷身先死,長使英雄淚滿襟。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">?《蜀相》對于壯志未酬者,它既是頌辭,又是挽歌,一詩囊括歷史,融匯古今,語言凝練而內(nèi)涵豐富。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 21 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《蒹葭》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蒹葭蒼蒼,白露為霜。所謂伊人,在水一方。溯洄從之,道阻且長。溯游從之,宛在水中央。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蒹葭萋萋,白露未晞。所謂伊人,在水之湄。溯洄從之,道阻且躋。溯游從之,宛在水中坻。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蒹葭采采,白露未已。所謂伊人,在水之涘。溯洄從之,道阻且右。溯游從之,宛在水中沚。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 這首詩最有價值意義、最令人共鳴的東西,不是抒情主人公的追求和失落,而是他所創(chuàng)造的“在水一方”——可望難即這一具有普遍意義的藝術(shù)意境。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 22 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《龜雖壽》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">東漢·曹操</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">神龜雖壽,猶有竟時,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">騰蛇乘霧,終為土灰。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">老驥伏櫪,志在千里,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">烈士暮年,壯心不已。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">盈縮之期,不但在天,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">養(yǎng)怡之福,可得永年,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">幸甚至哉,歌以詠志。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 這是一首充滿詩人對生活的真切體驗的哲理詩,哲理與詩情通過形象化的手法表現(xiàn)出來的,因而述理、明志、抒情在具體的藝術(shù)形象中實現(xiàn)了完美的結(jié)合。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 23 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《登幽州臺歌》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·陳子昂</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">前不見古人,后不見來者。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">念天地之悠悠,獨愴然而涕下。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 登樓眺望,廣闊無垠的背景和詩人悲哀苦悶的情緒,兩相映照,分外動人。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 24 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《滿江紅·寫懷》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·岳飛</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">怒發(fā)沖冠,憑欄處、瀟瀟雨歇。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">抬望眼,仰天長嘯,壯懷激烈。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">三十功名塵與土,八千里路云和月。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">莫等閑、白了少年頭,空悲切!</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">靖康恥,猶未雪。臣子恨,何時滅!</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">駕長車,踏破賀蘭山缺。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">壯志饑餐胡虜肉,笑談渴飲匈奴血。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">待從頭、收拾舊山河,朝天闕。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 岳飛工詩詞,雖流傳極少,但這首滿江紅英勇而悲壯,深為人們所喜愛,它真實、充分地反映了岳飛精忠報國、一腔熱血的英雄氣概。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 25 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《楓橋夜泊》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·張繼</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">月落烏啼霜滿天,江楓漁火對愁眠。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">姑蘇城外寒山寺,夜半鐘聲到客船。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 一靜一動、一明一暗、江邊岸上,景物的搭配與人物的心情達(dá)到了高度的默契與交融。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 26 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《如夢令》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·李清照</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">昨夜雨疏風(fēng)驟,濃睡不消殘酒。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">試問卷簾人,卻道海棠依舊。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">知否,知否?應(yīng)是綠肥紅瘦。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 借宿酒醒后詢問花事的描寫,曲折委婉地表達(dá)了詞人的惜花傷春之情,語言清新,詞意雋永。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 27 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《春望》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·杜甫</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">國破山河在,城春草木深。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">感時花濺淚,恨別鳥驚心。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">烽火連三月,家書抵萬金。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">白頭搔更短,渾欲不勝簪。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 在典型的時代背景下所生成的典型感受,反映了同時代的人們熱愛國家、期待和平的美好愿望。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 28 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《相思》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·王維</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">紅豆生南國,春來發(fā)幾枝。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">愿君多采擷,此物最相思。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詩情調(diào)健美高雅,懷思飽滿奔放,語言樸素?zé)o華,韻律和諧柔美,感情真摯,具有淳樸深厚之美。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 29 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《涼州詞》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·王翰</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">葡萄美酒夜光杯,欲飲琵琶馬上催。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">醉臥沙場君莫笑,古來征戰(zhàn)幾人回?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 千百年來,這首詩一直為人們所傳誦。它展現(xiàn)出的是一種激動和向往的藝術(shù)魅力,這正是盛唐邊塞詩的特色。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 30 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《回鄉(xiāng)偶書》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·賀知章</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">少小離家老大回,鄉(xiāng)音無改鬢毛衰。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">兒童相見不相識,笑問客從何處來。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詩二十八個字中無一生僻字,不用一個典故,都是家常話,供人反復(fù)咀嚼,層層追索......</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 31 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《過零丁洋》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·文天祥</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">辛苦遭逢起一經(jīng),干戈寥落四周星。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">山河破碎風(fēng)飄絮,身世浮沉雨打萍。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">惶恐灘頭說惶恐,零丁洋里嘆零丁。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">人生自古誰無死?留取丹心照汗青。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詩格調(diào)沉郁悲壯,浩然正氣貫長虹,確是一首偉大愛國主義詩篇。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 32 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《江雪》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·柳宗元</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">千山鳥飛絕,萬徑人蹤滅。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">孤舟蓑笠翁,獨釣寒江雪。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 山山是雪,路路皆白。飛鳥絕跡,人蹤湮沒。遐景蒼茫,邇景孤冷。意境幽僻,情調(diào)凄寂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 33 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《白雪歌送武判官歸京》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·岑參</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">北風(fēng)卷地白草折,胡天八月即飛雪。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">忽如一夜春風(fēng)來,千樹萬樹梨花開。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">散入珠簾濕羅幕,狐裘不暖錦衾薄。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">將軍角弓不得控,都護(hù)鐵衣冷難著。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">瀚海闌干百丈冰,愁云慘淡萬里凝。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">中軍置酒飲歸客,胡琴琵琶與羌笛。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">紛紛暮雪下轅門,風(fēng)掣紅旗凍不翻。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">輪臺東門送君去,去時雪滿天山路。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">山回路轉(zhuǎn)不見君,雪上空留馬行處。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詩內(nèi)涵豐富寬廣,色彩瑰麗浪漫,氣勢渾然磅礴,意境鮮明獨特,具有極強(qiáng)的藝術(shù)感染力,堪稱盛世大唐邊塞詩的壓卷之作。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 34 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《敕勒歌》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">敕勒川,陰山下。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">天似穹廬,籠蓋四野。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">天蒼蒼,野茫茫。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">風(fēng)吹草低見牛羊。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 北朝民歌所特有的明朗豪爽的風(fēng)格,境界開闊,音調(diào)雄壯,語言明白如話,藝術(shù)概括力極強(qiáng)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 35 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《歸園田居》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">東晉·陶淵明</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">少無適俗韻,性本愛丘山。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">誤落塵網(wǎng)中,一去三十年。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">羈鳥戀舊林,池魚思故淵。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">開荒南野際,守拙歸園田。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">方宅十余畝,草屋八九間。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">榆柳蔭后檐,桃李羅堂前。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">曖曖遠(yuǎn)人村,依依墟里煙。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">狗吠深巷中,雞鳴桑樹顛。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">戶庭無塵雜,虛室有余閑。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">久在樊籠里,復(fù)得返自然。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 此詩抒發(fā)了作者辭官歸隱后的愉快心情和鄉(xiāng)居樂趣,表現(xiàn)了作者不愿同流合污,豁然曠達(dá)的心情。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">36 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《青玉案·元夕》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">宋·辛棄疾</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">東風(fēng)夜放花千樹,更吹落,星如雨。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">寶馬雕車香滿路。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">鳳簫聲動,玉壺光轉(zhuǎn),一夜魚龍舞。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">蛾兒雪柳黃金縷,笑語盈盈暗香去。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">眾里尋他千百度,</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">驀然回首,那人卻在,燈火闌珊處。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全文主要運(yùn)用了反襯的表現(xiàn)手法,表達(dá)出作者不與世俗同流合污的追求,以及詞對理想的追求的執(zhí)著和艱辛。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 37 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《送元二使安西》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·王維</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">渭城朝雨浥輕塵,客舍青青柳色新。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">勸君更盡一杯酒,西出陽關(guān)無故人。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">?此詩沒有特殊的背景,只有深摯的惜別之情,使它適合于絕大多數(shù)離筵別席演唱,后來編入樂府,成為最流行、傳唱最久的歌曲。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 38 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《春江花月夜》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·張若虛</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">春江潮水連海平,海上明月共潮生。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">滟滟隨波千萬里,何處春江無月明!</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江流宛轉(zhuǎn)繞芳甸,月照花林皆似霰;</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">空里流霜不覺飛,汀上白沙看不見。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江天一色無纖塵,皎皎空中孤月輪。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江畔何人初見月?江月何年初照人?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">人生代代無窮已,江月年年只相似。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">不知江月待何人,但見長江送流水。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">白云一片去悠悠,青楓浦上不勝愁。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">誰家今夜扁舟子?何處相思明月樓?</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">可憐樓上月徘徊,應(yīng)照離人妝鏡臺。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">玉戶簾中卷不去,搗衣砧上拂還來。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">此時相望不相聞,愿逐月華流照君。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">鴻雁長飛光不度,魚龍潛躍水成文。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">昨夜閑潭夢落花,可憐春半不還家。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">江水流春去欲盡,江潭落月復(fù)西斜。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">斜月沉沉藏海霧,碣石瀟湘無限路。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">不知乘月幾人歸,落月?lián)u情滿江樹。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 《春江花月夜》共三十六句,每四句一換韻,通篇融詩情、畫意、哲理為一體,意境空明,想象奇特,語言自然雋永,韻律宛轉(zhuǎn)悠揚(yáng),洗凈了六朝宮體的濃脂膩粉,具有極高的審美價值,素有“孤篇蓋全唐”之譽(yù)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 39 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《清明》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·杜牧</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">清明時節(jié)雨紛紛,路上行人欲斷魂。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">借問酒家何處有?牧童遙指杏花村。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 這首小詩,一個難字也沒有,一個典故也不用,整篇是十分通俗的語言,寫得自如之極,毫無經(jīng)營造作之痕。音節(jié)十分和諧圓滿,景象非常清新、生動,而又境界優(yōu)美、興味盎然。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;"> 40 </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">《送杜少府之任蜀州》</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">唐·王勃</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">城闕輔三秦,風(fēng)煙望五津。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">與君離別意,同是宦游人。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">海內(nèi)存知己,天涯若比鄰。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">無為在歧路,兒女共沾巾。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">? 全詩開合頓挫,氣脈流通,意境曠達(dá)。詩中的悲涼凄愴之氣,音調(diào)明快爽朗,語言清新高遠(yuǎn),內(nèi)容獨樹一幟。</span></p>